Rules and clinical protocols

Gastroenterological and hepatological medical care deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and liver.

Gastroenterology focuses on diseases of the stomach, intestines, esophagus, as well as related organs such as the liver, pancreas and biliary tract. This includes common diseases such as peptic ulcer, gastritis, colitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome and others.

Hepatology, on the other hand, specializes in liver diseases, including hepatitis (viral and non-infectious), cirrhosis of the liver, fatty liver dystrophy and other pathologies.


The standard of organization of gastroenterological and hepatological care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroenterological diseases in adults
Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroenterological diseases in children

Allergological and immunological medical care is a field of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases associated with disorders of the immune system and allergic reactions. Allergology focuses on allergic diseases, immunology, on the other hand, studies the human immune system and its role in protecting the body from infections and other diseases. Both fields, allergology and immunology, are important for maintaining the health and well-being of patients with impaired immune systems or allergic reactions.

Nuclear medicine is a field of medicine in which radionuclide substances and ionizing radiation are used for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of various diseases of human organs and systems, including oncological diseases.

The standard of organization of medical care in the field of nuclear medicine to the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Clinical protocols in the field of nuclear medicine

Endocrinology is a branch of medicine that deals with the treatment of diseases associated with disorders of the endocrine system.

The standard of organization of endocrinological care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Phthisiological care is medical care aimed at the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of lung diseases, especially tuberculosis. Phthisiologists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of various forms of tuberculosis, including the active phase of the disease, as well as its latent and recurrent forms. They also treat other lung diseases such as bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis and pneumonia. Phthisiological care may include medication, rehabilitation, physical therapy and other medical procedures aimed at improving the condition of the lungs and the general health of the patient.

The standard of organization of medical care for tuberculosis to the population
kaz rus

Clinical protocols for diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis

Medical rehabilitation is a complex of medical measures aimed at restoring a person's functions and abilities after injury, illness or surgery. The purpose of medical rehabilitation is to improve the quality of life of the patient, his independence and the ability to return to normal daily activities.

A medical rehabilitation program may include various methods and procedures depending on the patient's condition and the nature of his problem. This may include physical therapy, therapeutic gymnastics, orthopedic rehabilitation, speech therapy, occupational therapy, psychological support and other activities.

Medical rehabilitation can be carried out both in inpatient conditions in rehabilitation centers or clinics, and on an outpatient basis, when the patient receives rehabilitation services at home or in a polyclinic. It is often an important stage in the recovery process and helps patients return to a full life after illness or injury.

The standard of organization of medical rehabilitation
kaz rus

Clinical protocols of diagnosis and treatment for medical rehabilitation

Rheumatology is a medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, such as arthritis, arthrosis, inflammatory and degenerative diseases of joints and muscles, systemic connective tissue diseases (for example, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus), bone diseases and others.

Rheumatologists carry out differential diagnosis between various diseases, assess the degree of damage to joints and tissues, develop treatment plans, including drug therapy, physiotherapy, rehabilitation and surgery, if necessary.

The main goal of rheumatology is to reduce pain, restore the functions of the musculoskeletal system and improve the quality of life of patients with rheumatic diseases.

The standard of organization of rheumatology care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
kaz rus

Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatological diseases in adults
Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatological diseases in children

Oncology is a medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of malignant tumors, or cancer. Oncologists study various types of cancer, their causes, mechanisms of development and treatment methods.

Oncologists' work includes the diagnosis of cancers in the early stages, conducting examinations and biopsies of tumors, choosing the optimal treatment method (surgical removal of the tumor, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy and other methods), as well as rehabilitation and support of patients at all stages of the fight against cancer.

Oncology is one of the most actively developing areas of medicine, where new methods of diagnosis and treatment are constantly being introduced, which makes it possible to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients with cancer.

The standard of organization of oncological care to the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan
kaz rus

Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases in adults
Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of oncological diseases in children

Pulmonology is a medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the respiratory system, mainly the lungs and bronchi. Pulmonologists specialize in a variety of conditions, including chronic lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, as well as acute conditions such as pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections.

Pulmonologists perform diagnostics using a variety of methods, including physical examination, lung function tests (for example, spirometry), radiography and computed tomography. They also prescribe treatment, which may include drug therapy, rehabilitation, physical therapy and other measures to improve the patient's respiratory function and overall health.

Pulmonology plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the respiratory system, helping patients maintain lung health and quality of life.

The standard for the organization of pulmonological care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
kaz rus

Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonological diseases in adults
Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonological diseases in children

Psychiatric care includes the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of mental disorders and problems. This may include consultations with psychiatrists or psychotherapists, the use of drug therapy, psychotherapy, rehabilitation programs and other methods to help people suffering from mental problems.

Psychiatric care may also include family support and educational programs for patients and their loved ones.

The standard of organization of medical and social assistance in the field of mental health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Clinical protocols for diagnosis and treatment in the field of mental health

Nephrological care is related to the diagnosis, treatment and care of kidney diseases. It includes assessment of kidney function, diagnosis and treatment of kidney diseases such as chronic renal failure, hypertension, kidney stones, urinary tract infections and others. A nephrology specialist (nephrologist) can provide medical advice, prescribe medications, recommend diet and other treatment measures, and coordinate the care of patients with kidney disease.

The standard of organization of nephrological care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
kaz rus

Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of nephrological diseases in adults
Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of nephrological diseases in children

Neonatology is a medical specialty that deals with the care and treatment of newborn children, especially those who were born prematurely or have medical problems immediately after birth. Neonatologists specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of various conditions and diseases that can occur in newborns, such as respiratory problems, infections, problems with the cardiovascular system, metabolic disorders and developmental defects.

The work of neonatologists requires special attention to young patients, who often require intensive medical care in neonatal intensive care units. They also work with parents to provide support and training for child care after discharge from the hospital.

The standard of organization of neonatal care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Neurology is a medical specialty that deals with the study and treatment of diseases of the nervous system. The nervous system includes the brain, spinal cord, nerves and muscles. Neurologists examine patients with various symptoms related to the nervous system, such as headaches, dizziness, sensitivity disorders, motor disorders and other neurological symptoms. They use a variety of diagnostic methods, including clinical examination, neurological tests, imaging (e.g., MRI and CT), electrophysiological techniques, and laboratory tests to diagnose and develop a treatment plan for the patient.

The standard for the organization of neurological care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
kaz rus

Medical genetics is a field of medicine that studies hereditary diseases and their genetic basis. It includes the diagnosis, counseling and treatment of genetic disorders and rare hereditary diseases. Medical genetics specialists, called geneticists, work with patients and their families to assess the risk of developing genetically determined diseases, provide genetic counseling and testing, and help develop individualized treatments and recommendations for patients and their families.

The standard of organization of medical and genetic care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Clinical protocols of diagnosis and treatment in medical genetics

Clinical laboratory care is an area of medical activity related to the conduct of laboratory tests and studies for the diagnosis of diseases, monitoring the effectiveness of treatment, assessing the health of patients and monitoring their condition. This includes analysis of blood, urine, faeces, biochemical and microbiological studies, hematology studies and other laboratory diagnostic methods. Clinical laboratory care plays an important role in the medical care process, helping doctors to establish an accurate diagnosis and choose the optimal treatment for patients.

The standard for the organization of laboratory diagnostics
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Handbook of laboratory diagnostics

Emergency medical care is a system for organizing medical care in an emergency and urgent form for acute diseases and life –threatening conditions, as well as to prevent significant harm to health at the scene and (or) en route to a medical organization.

Rules for the provision of emergency medical care, including with the involvement of medical aviation
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Clinical protocols for diagnosis and treatment in the provision of emergency medical care

Cardiological care is a field of medical activity that specializes in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of heart and vascular diseases. Cardiological care includes various methods and procedures aimed at the detection and treatment of heart diseases such as coronary heart disease, arrhythmias, hypertension, valvular heart defects and other conditions.

Among the methods of cardiological care may be electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography (ultrasound examination of the heart), stress tests, angiography (X-ray of vessels using a contrast agent), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and other examination methods.

Cardiac care also includes the treatment of heart diseases using medication, rehabilitation procedures, and, in some cases, surgical interventions such as bypass surgery, stent placement, or heart surgery. It plays an important role in maintaining the health of the cardiovascular system and preventing cardiovascular complications.

The standard of organization of cardiological, interventional cardiological, interventional arrhythmological and cardiac surgical care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiological diseases in adults
Clinical protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiological diseases in children

Medical care for infectious diseases includes a set of measures aimed at the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control of the spread of infections. This includes the following aspects: diagnosis, treatment, prevention, control, education and information.
These measures help to reduce the infectious burden on society, provide treatment for those infected, prevent the spread of diseases and preserve public health.

The standard of organization of medical care for infectious diseases in the Republic of Kazakhstan
kaz rus

Clinical protocols for diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in adults
Clinical protocols for diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in children

General medical practice is a medical specialty that focuses on serving patients throughout their lives and taking care of all aspects of their health. General practitioners, also known as family doctors or family therapists, are trained to provide a wide range of medical services, ranging from preventive examinations and examinations to the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

General medical practice plays a key role in the healthcare system, providing affordable, continuous and comprehensive medical care for patients of all ages and categories.

The standard of organization of primary health care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Dermatological care is a medical field that deals with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the skin, hair, nails and mucous membranes. Dermatologists have expert knowledge of the structure and function of the skin, as well as specialized skills to handle a wide range of skin problems.

The standard of organization of dermatovenerological care in the Republic of Kazakhstan
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Clinical protocols for diagnosis and treatment in the field of dermatovenerology (adult)
Clinical protocols of diagnosis and treatment in the field of dermatology (children's)